International Journal of Agriculture Extension and Social Development

author(s)
Neha Bajal, Veenu Sangwan, Rekha Yadav, Priyanka and Raveena Rani

abstract
Ongoing investigation into the impacts of calorie restriction continues to captivate individuals who are curious about its potential to extend human lifespan and improve overall health. Research conducted on animals has shown significant benefits to health and lifespan through continuous calorie restriction (CCR) and fasting. Nevertheless, there are lingering worries over the effects of limiting calorie consumption on human health and cognition. Considering the rising evidence of cognitive deficits in eating disorders, conducting research that examines reduced calorie intake in healthy individuals in an ethical manner could provide insights into the understanding of restrictive eating disorders. This review synthesizes the current literature on the effects of CCR (caloric restriction) and fasting on cognitive performance in healthy adult subjects. Out of the 33 research examining the relationship between CCR (caloric restriction) and fasting in humans, 23 showed notable alterations in cognition. Although there are differences in cognitive domains, the findings indicate that CCR has positive effects on inhibition, processing speed, and working memory, but it may have negative effects on cognitive flexibility. Fasting studies indicate that fasting is linked to declines in cognitive flexibility and psychomotor ability. In summary, the findings of this research indicate that the extent of calorie restriction, namely its severity, is the primary factor that determines cognitive enhancements rather than impairments. For persons who are consistently limiting their activities, this can lead to severe and permanent repercussions. Nevertheless, there are conflicting results about the influence of CCR and fasting on this particular component of human functioning, indicating the need for additional research to comprehend the advantages and disadvantages of various forms of calorie restriction.